Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Stock-Based Compensation

v3.20.2
Stock-Based Compensation
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation Stock-Based Compensation 
The Company grants stock-based awards under its 2014 Incentive Stock Plan (the “2014 Plan”) and the 2012 Stock Plan (the “2012 Plan”). The 2014 Plan replaced the 2012 Plan, but the 2012 Plan remains in effect for the administration of awards made prior to its replacement by the 2014 Plan. The shares issued as a result of stock-based compensation transactions generally have been funded with the issuance of new shares of the Company’s common stock.
The Company may grant the following types of incentive awards under the 2014 Plan: (i) non-qualified stock options; (ii) incentive stock options; (iii) stock appreciation rights; (iv) restricted stock; and (v) restricted stock units. Each award granted under the 2014 Plan is subject to an award agreement that incorporates, as applicable, the exercise price, the term of the award, the periods of restriction, the number of shares to which the award pertains, and such other terms and conditions as the plan committee determines. Awards granted under the 2014 Plan are classified as equity awards, which are recorded in stockholders’ equity in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.
Stock Options
The Company stock closing price on the date of grant is the basis of fair value of its common stock used in determining the value of share-based awards. To the extent the value of the Company’s share-based awards involves a measure of volatility, the Company historically relied on the volatilities from publicly-traded companies with similar business models, as its common stock lacked enough trading history for it to utilize its own historical volatility. Effective July 1, 2019, the Company uses available historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over a period of time corresponding to the expected stock option term. The Company uses the simplified method to calculate the expected term of stock option grants to employees as the Company does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected term of stock options granted to employees. Accordingly, the expected life of the options granted is based on the average of the vesting term, which is generally four years and the contractual term, which is generally ten years. The Company will continue to evaluate the appropriateness of utilizing such method. The risk-free interest rate is based on United States Treasury yields in effect at the date of grant for periods corresponding to the expected stock option term.
The Company has computed the fair value of all options granted using the Black-Scholes-Merton model during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, using the following assumptions:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019
Expected volatility
53% to 58%
35% to 55%
Expected dividends None None
Expected term (years) 7 7
Risk-free rate
0.42% to 1.65%
1.89% to 2.61%
The information below summarizes the stock options activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2020:
Number of
Shares		 Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price		 Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
(Years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2019 949,245  $ 5.19  6.5
Granted 111,158  14.76 
Exercised (123,809) 3.97 
Cancelled —  — 
Outstanding at September 30, 2020 936,594  $ 6.49  6.7
Exercisable at September 30, 2020 633,967  $ 4.68  5.9
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, stock-based compensation expense for stock options was $122,922 and $398,582, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, stock-based compensation expense for stock options was $110,367 and $307,017, respectively.
Restricted Stock
Restricted stocks granted to employees generally vest in four equal annual installments. Restricted stocks granted to non-employee directors vest on the earlier of (i) one year from the grant date and (ii) the date of the next annual meeting of the shareholders of the Company occurring after the date of grant.
The information below summarizes the restricted stock activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2020:
Restricted Stock Awards Shares Weighted Average
Grant-Date Fair
Value per Award
Non-vested at December 31, 2019 38,976  $ 12.31 
Granted 28,680  14.92 
Vested (22,061) 13.99 
Cancelled —  — 
Non-vested at September 30, 2020 45,595  $ 13.13 
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock was $89,312 and $280,124, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock was $75,653 and $229,727, respectively.